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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestifm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия физико-математических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physics and Mathematics Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-2430</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-2430-2019-55-2-242-254</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestifm-392</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К 150-летию создания Периодической системы элементов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>To the 150th anniversary of the creation of the Periodic system of elements</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурский</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurskii</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гурский Александр Леонидович – доктор физико-математических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры защиты информации</p><p>ул. П. Бровки, 6, 220013, г. Минск, Республика Беларусь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander L. Gurskii – Dr. Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Professor of the Department of Information Security</p><p>6, P. Brovka Str., 220013, Minsk, Republic of Belarus</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gurskii@bsuir.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурский</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hursky</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гурский Леонид Ильич – член-корреспондент НАН Беларуси, доктор технических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. П. Бровки, 6, 220013, г. Минск, Республика Беларусь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid I. Hurski – Corresponding Member, Dr. Sc. (Engineering), Professor, Senior Researcher</p><p>6, P. Brovka Str., 220013, Minsk, Republic of Belarus</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lhur@bsuir.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный университет информатики и радиоэлектроники</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>55</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>242</fpage><lpage>254</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гурский А.Л., Гурский Л.И., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гурский А.Л., Гурский Л.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gurskii A.L., Hursky L.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/392">https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/392</self-uri><abstract><p>Приводится история открытия Д. И. Менделеевым Периодического закона химических элементов и его современная формулировка. Дан краткий обзор основных результатов, способствовавших установлению симметрийных свойств Периодической системы элементов на основе использования групп симметрии. Показано, что группа SO(4,2) позволяет представить содержание Периодической системы элементов в соответствии с экспериментально установленным строением электронных оболочек их атомов, без привлечения каких-либо дополнительных квантовых чисел, характеризующих свойства атомов. Предложено обоснование использованию представлений группы динамической симметрии, изовалентной водороду квантовой системы, для математического описания свойств симметрии Периодической системы элементов. С его помощью осуществлено расщепление бесконечномерного унитарного представления группы SO(4,2) на конечномерные мультиплеты, определяющиеся квантовыми числами, которые описывают состояния электронов. Обсуждена проблема включения изотопов элементов в общую структуру Периодической системы элементов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results of the discovery of the Periodic law by D. I. Mendeleev are considered, and the actual formulation of this law is given. Some examples of the use of symmetry groups in modern science are given. It is shown that the SO(4,2) group allows presenting the contents of the Periodic system of elements in full coincidence with the experimentally established structure of electronic shells of corresponding atoms without involving any additional quantum numbers characterizing the properties of atoms. adynamic substantiation of the use of representations of the dynamic symmetry group of the quantum system, isovalent to hydrogen, for a mathematical description of the properties of the symmetry of the Periodic system of elements is proposed. Using it, the splitting of the infinite-dimensional unitary representations of the group SO(4,2) into the finite-dimensional multiplets, determined by the quantum numbers describing the states of electrons, was implemented. A problem of inclusion of isotopes of elements in the Periodic system of elements is discussed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Периодическая система элементов</kwd><kwd>группы симметрии</kwd><kwd>группы Ли</kwd><kwd>группа SO(4</kwd><kwd>2)</kwd><kwd>волновые функции</kwd><kwd>правило Маделунга – Клечковского</kwd><kwd>уравнение Шредингера</kwd><kwd>уравнение Хартри – Фока</kwd><kwd>свойства симметрии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Periodic system of elements</kwd><kwd>symmetry groups</kwd><kwd>Lie groups</kwd><kwd>SO(4</kwd><kwd>2) group</kwd><kwd>wave functions</kwd><kwd>Madelung – Klechkowskij rule</kwd><kwd>Schrödinger equation</kwd><kwd>Hartree – Fok equation</kwd><kwd>symmetry properties</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Меншуткин, Н. А. (от имени Д. И. Менделеева). Соотношение свойств с атомным весом элементов / Н. 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