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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestifm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия физико-математических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physics and Mathematics Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-2430</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-2430-2020-56-3-275-286</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestifm-531</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Функции Дюлака – Черкаса для систем, эквивалентных уравнению ван дер Поля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dulac – Cherkas functions for systems equivalent to the van der Pol equation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гринь</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hryn</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гринь Александр Александрович – доктор физико-математических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой математического анализа, дифференциальных уравнений и алгебры</p><p>ул. Ожешко, 22, 230023, г. Гродно</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aliaksandr A. Hryn – Dr. Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Assistant Professor, Head of the Department of Mathematical Analysis, Differential Equations and Algebra</p><p>22, Ozheshko Str., 230023</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grin@grsu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гродненский государственный университет им. Я. Купалы</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>56</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>275</fpage><lpage>286</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гринь А.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гринь А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Hryn A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/531">https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/531</self-uri><abstract><p>Объектом исследования в настоящей работе является автономная система ван дер Поля на вещественной плоскости. Предметом исследования выступают свойства предельного цикла указанной системы. Основная цель предлагаемой статьи состоит в нахождении локализации предельного цикла на фазовой плоскости и установлении его формы при различных значениях действительного параметра системы ван дер Поля. Наш подход основан на применении трансверсальных кривых, соответствующих функциям Дюлака – Черкаса и аппроксимирующих расположение предельного цикла. В качестве первого шага для системы ван дер Поля были выделены пять топологически эквивалентных систем, включая системы с параметром, поворачивающим векторное поле, и сингулярно возмущенные системы. Затем, применяя ранее разработанный способ, для трех из рассматриваемых систем в фазовой плоскости при всех действительных значениях параметра кроме нулевого построены по две полиномиальные функции Дюлака – Черкаса. С их помощью найдены трансверсальные кривые, образующие границы областей локализации предельного цикла системы ван дер Поля. Таким образом, построенные функции Дюлака – Черкаса позволяют определять расположение предельного цикла на основе алгебраических кривых при всех действительных значениях параметра, включая значения, близкие к бифуркации предельного цикла из овалов центра, бифуркации Андронова – Хопфа и бифуркации из замкнутой траектории, соответствующей разрывному периодическому решению.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The object of this study is an autonomous van der Pol system on a real plane. The subject of the study is the properties of the limit cycle of this system. The main purpose of this paper is to find the localization of the limit cycle on the phase plane and establish its shape for various values of the real parameter of the van der Pol system. Our approach is based on the use of transverse curves related to the Dulac – Cherkas functions and approximating the location of the limit cycle. As the first step, five topologically equivalent systems, including systems with a parameter rotating the vector field, as well as singularly perturbed systems are determined for the van der Pol system. Then, applying the previously elaborated method, we constructed two polynomial Dulac – Cherkas functions for each of three systems from the considered ones in the phase plane for all real nonzero values of the parameter. Using them, transverse curves forming the boundaries of the localization regions of the limit cycle for the van der Pol system are found. Thus, the constructed Dulac – Cherkas functions allow us to determine the location of the limit cycle on the basis of algebraic curves for all real parameter values, including values close to the bifurcation of a limit cycle from the center ovals, the Andronov – Hopf bifurcation, and the bifurcation from a closed trajectory related to a discontinuous periodic solution.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>автономная система ван дер Поля на плоскости</kwd><kwd>топологически эквивалентные системы</kwd><kwd>предельный цикл</kwd><kwd>функция Дюлака – Черкаса</kwd><kwd>сингулярно возмущенная система</kwd><kwd>система с параметром</kwd><kwd>поворачивающим векторное поле</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>van der Pol planar autonomous system</kwd><kwd>topologically equivalent systems</kwd><kwd>limit cycle</kwd><kwd>Dulac – Cherkas function</kwd><kwd>singularly perturbed system</kwd><kwd>system with a parameter rotated the vector field</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van der Pol, B. 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