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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestifm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия физико-математических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physics and Mathematics Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-2430</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-2430-2020-56-3-335-349</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestifm-537</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Частица со спином 3/2: теория Паули – Фирца, нерелятивистское приближение</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Spin 3/2 particle: Puali – Fierz theory, non-relativistic approximation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашкевич</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashkevich</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ивашкевич Алина Валентиновна – магистрант</p><p>пр. Независимости, 68-2, 220072, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina V. Ivashkevich – Master Student</p><p>68-2, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivashkevich.alina@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Войнова</surname><given-names>Я. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voynova</surname><given-names>Ya. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Войнова Янина Александровна – кандидат физико-математических наук, преподаватель</p><p>ул. М. Богдановича, 29, 220029, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yanina A. Voynova – Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics), Teacher</p><p>29, M. Bogdanovich Str., 220029, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">voinovayanina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овсиюк</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Оvsiyuk</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Овсиюк Елена Михайловна – кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой теоретической физики и прикладной информатики</p><p>ул. Студенческая, 28, 247760, г. Мозырь, Гомельская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Еlena М. Оvsiyuk – Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics), Assistant Professor, Head of the Department of Theoretical Physics and Applied Informatics</p><p>28, Studencheskaya Str., 247760, Mozyr</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.ovsiyuk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кисель</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kisel</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кисель Василий Васильевич – кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры физики</p><p>ул. П. Бровки, 6, 220013, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily V. Kisel – Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics), Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor of the Department of Physics</p><p>6, P. Brovka Str., 220013, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vasiliy_bspu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Редьков</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Red’kov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Редьков Виктор Михайлович – доктор физико-математических наук, главный научный сотрудник центра «Фундаментальные взаимодействия и астрофизика»</p><p>пр. Независимости, 68-2, 220072, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor M. Red’kov – Dr. Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Chief Researcher of the Center «Fundamental Interactions and Astrophysics»</p><p>68-2, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">redkov@dragon.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики им. Б. И. Степанова Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Минское суворовское военное училище</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Minsk Suvorov Military School</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Мозырский государственный педагогический университет им. И. П. Шамякин</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mozyr State Pedagogical University named after I. P. Shamyakin</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный университет информатики и радиоэлектроники</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>56</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>335</fpage><lpage>349</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ивашкевич А.В., Войнова Я.А., Овсиюк Е.М., Кисель В.В., Редьков В.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ивашкевич А.В., Войнова Я.А., Овсиюк Е.М., Кисель В.В., Редьков В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivashkevich A.V., Voynova Y.A., Оvsiyuk E.M., Kisel V.V., Red’kov V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/537">https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/537</self-uri><abstract><p>Хорошо известно уравнение для частицы со спином 3/2, предложенное В. Э. Паули и М. Э. Фирцем и основанное на использовании 16-компонентной волновой функции с трансформационными свойствами вектор-биспинора. В настоящей работе исследован вопрос о нерелятивистском приближении в этой теории. Исходя из формализма уравнений 1-го порядка и представления системы уравнений Паули – Фирца в базисе Петраша с использованием метода обобщенных символов Кронекера и элементов полной матричной алгебры, а также применяя для разложения волновой функции на большие и малые составляющие метод проективных операторов, выведено уравнение паулиевского типа для 4-компонентной волновой функции, описывающей нерелятивистскую частицу со спином 3/2.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The relativistic wave equation is well-known for a spin 3/2 particle proposed by W. E. Pauli and M. E. Fierz and based on the 16-component wave function with the transformation properties of the vector-bispinor. In this paper, we investigated the nonrelativistic approximation in this theory. Starting with the first-order equation formalism and representation of Pauli – Fierz equation in the Petras basis, also applying the method of generalized Kronecker symbols and elements of the complete matrix algebras, and decomposing the wave function into large and small nonrelativistic constituents with the help of projective operators, we have derived a Pauli-like equation for the 4-component wave function describing the non-relativistic particle with a 3/2 spin.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спин 3/2</kwd><kwd>теория Паули – Фирца</kwd><kwd>базис Петраша</kwd><kwd>проективные операторы</kwd><kwd>нерелятивистское приближение</kwd><kwd>взаимодействие с электромагнитными полями</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>3/2 spin</kwd><kwd>Pauli – Fierz theory</kwd><kwd>Petras basis</kwd><kwd>projective operators</kwd><kwd>nonrelativistic approximation</kwd><kwd>interaction with external field</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dirac, P. 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