<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestifm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия физико-математических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physics and Mathematics Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-2430</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-2430-2021-57-4-391-400</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestifm-607</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аппроксимация изолированной волны эпидемического процесса с помощью комбинации экспонент</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The approximation of an isolated epidemic process wave using a combination of exponents</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авлас</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avlas</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авлас Артем Николаевич – младший научный сотрудник отдела вычислительной математики</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 11, 220072, г. Минск</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artsiom N. Avlas – Junior Researcher of the Department of Computational Mathematics</p><p>11, Surganov Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artolomiay@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деменчук</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demenchuk</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Деменчук Александр Константинович – доктор физико-математических наук, доцент, главный научный сотрудник отдела дифференциальных уравнений</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 11, 220072, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr K. Demenchuk – Dr. Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Associate Professor, Chief Researcher of the Department of Differential Equations</p><p>11, Surganova Str., Minsk, 220072</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">demenchuk@im.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лемешевский</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lemeshevskii</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лемешевский Сергей Владимирович – кандидат физико-математических наук, директор </p><p>ул. Сурганова, 11, 220072, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei V. Lemeshevskii – Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics), Director</p><p>11, Surganov Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svl@im.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макаров Евгений Константинович – доктор физико-математических наук, профессор, заведующий отделом дифференциальных уравнений</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 11, 220072, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenii K. Makarov – Dr. Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Professor, Head of the Department of the Differential Equations</p><p>11, Surganova Str., Minsk, 220072</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jcm@im.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт математики Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>57</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>391</fpage><lpage>400</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Авлас А.Н., Деменчук А.К., Лемешевский С.В., Макаров Е.К., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Авлас А.Н., Деменчук А.К., Лемешевский С.В., Макаров Е.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avlas A.N., Demenchuk A.K., Lemeshevskii S.V., Makarov E.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/607">https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/607</self-uri><abstract><p>Наиболее часто применяемыми методами средне- и долгосрочного прогнозирования развития эпидемических процессов являются методы, основанные на использовании классической модели SIR (восприимчивые – инфицированные – выздоровевшие) и ее многочисленных модификаций. При этом подходе динамика эпидемии аппроксимируется с помощью решений дифференциальных или дискретных уравнений. Методы прогнозирования, основанные на аппроксимации данных функциями заданного класса, как правило, ориентированы на получение краткосрочного прогноза. Для долгосрочных прогнозов эпидемических процессов они не используются по причине их недостаточной эффективности для прогнозирования нестационарных процессов. В настоящей работе сформулирована гипотеза, что первичные волны пандемии COVID-19, которые проходили весной – летом 2020 г. в ряде европейских стран, в том числе и в Республике Беларусь, являются изолированными, и поэтому могут рассматриваться как процессы, близкие к стационарным. На основе этой гипотезы предложен способ аппроксимации изолированных волн эпидемического процесса с помощью обобщенных логистических функций с увеличенным количеством экспонент. Разработанный подход применен для прогнозирования количества инфицированных в Республике Беларусь на период до августа 2020 г. по данным от начала эпидемии до 12 июня 2020 г.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The most commonly used methods for the medium- and long-term forecasting of epidemic processes are based on the classical SIR (susceptible – infected – recovered) model and its numerous modifications. In this approach, the dynamics of the epidemic is approximated using the solutions of differential or discrete equations. The forecasting methods based on the approximation of data by functions of a given class are usually focused on obtaining a short-term forecast. They are not used for the long-term forecasts of epidemic processes due to their insufficient efficiency for forecasting nonstationary processes. In this paper, we formulated a hypothesis that the primary waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, which took place in a number of European countries, including the Republic of Belarus, in the spring-summer of 2020 are isolated and therefore can be regarded as processes close to stationary. On the basis of this hypothesis, a method of approximating isolated epidemic process waves by means of generalized logistic functions with an increased number of exponents was proposed. The developed approach was applied to predict the number of infected people in the Republic of Belarus for the period until August 2020 based on data from the beginning of the epidemic until June 12, 2020.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обобщенные логистические функции</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование</kwd><kwd>пандемия COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>generalized logistic functions</kwd><kwd>forecasting</kwd><kwd>COVID-19 pandemic</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в Институте математики НАН Беларуси при поддержке Белорусского республиканского фонда фундаментальных исследований, проект № Ф21КОВИД-012 «Прогнозирование распространения COVID-19 на основе применения новых типов эволюционных уравнений»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out at the Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus within the framework of the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research, project no. Ф21КОВИД-012 “Prediction of COVID-19 propagation based on the application of new types of evolutionary equations”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kermack, W. O. A Contribution to the mathematical theory of epidemics / W. O. Kermack, A. G. McKendrick // Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. Ser. A. – 1927. – Vol. 115, № 772. – P. 700–721. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1927.0118</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kermack W. O., McKendrick A. G. A Contribution to the mathematical theory of epidemics. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character, 1927, vol. 115, no. 772, pp. 700– 721. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1927.0118</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brauer, F. Compartmental Models in Epidemiology / F. Brauer // Mathematical Epidemiology / F. Brauer [et al.] (eds). – Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer, 2008. – P. 19–79. – (Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Vol. 1945). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3- 540-78911-6_2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brauer F. Compartmental Models in Epidemiology. Mathematical Epidemiology. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol 1945, F. Brauer [et al.] (eds). Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer, 2008, pp. 19–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78911-6_2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Математическое моделирование эпидемических процессов и оценка их статистических характеристик / Б. М. Десятков [и др.] // Хим. и биол. безопасность. – 2009. – № 1–3 (43–45). – С. 15–20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Desyatkov B. M., Borodulin A. I., Kotlyarova S. S., Lapteva N. A., Marchenko M. Yu., Shabanov A. N. Mathematical modeling of epidemic processes and assessment of their statistical characteristics. Khimicheskaya i biologicheskaya bezopasnost' = Chemical and Biological Safety, 2009, no. 1–3 (43–45), pp. 15–20 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Моделирование эпидемической ситуации с учетом внешних рисков / Ю. Б. Гришунина [и др.] // Эпидемиология и вакцинопрофилактика. – 2014. – № 5 (78). – С. 61–66.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grishunina Yu. B., Kontarov N. A., Arkharova G. V., Yuminova N. V. Modeling the epidemic situation taking into account external risks. Epidemiologiya i vaktsinoprofilaktika = Epidemiology and Vaccine Prevention, 2014, no. 5 (78), pp. 61–66 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A state space framework for automatic forecasting using exponential smoothing methods / R. J. Hyndman [et al.] // Int. J. Forecasting. – 2002. – Vol. 18, № 3. – P. 439–454. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-2070(01)00110-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hyndman R. J., Koehler A. B., Snyder R. D., Grose S. A state space framework for automatic forecasting using exponential smoothing methods. International Journal of Forecasting, 2002, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 439–454. https://doi. org/10.1016/s0169-2070(01)00110-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Колесин, И. Д. Математические модели эпидемий / И. Д. Колесин, Е. М. Житкова. – СПб.: НИИФ СПбГУ, 2004. – 92 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kolesin I. D., Zhitkova E. M. Mathematical Models of Epidemics. Saint Petersburg, SPbSU Publ., 2004. 92 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Richards, F. J. A flexible growth function for empirical use / F. J. Richards // J. Exp. Botany. – 1959. – Vol. 10, № 2. – P. 290–301. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/10.2.290</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Richards F. J. A flexible growth function for empirical use. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1959, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 290–301. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/10.2.290</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee, S. Y. Estimation of COVID-19 spread curves integrating global data and borrowing information / S. Y. Lee, B. Lei, B. Mallick // PLoS ONE. – 2020. – Vol. 15, № 7. – P. e0236860. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236860</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee S. Y., Lei B., Mallick B. Estimation of COVID-19 spread curves integrating global data and borrowing information. PLoS ONE, 2020, vol. 15, no. 7, pp. e0236860. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236860</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu, K. Generalized logistic growth modeling of the COVID-19 outbreak: comparing the dynamics in the 29 provinces in China and in the rest of the world / K. Wu // Nonlinear Dyn. – 2020. – Vol. 101. – P. 1561–1581. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11071-020-05862-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu K., Darcet D., Wang Q., Sornette D. Generalized logistic growth modeling of the COVID-19 outbreak: comparing the dynamics in the 29 provinces in China and in the rest of the world. Nonlinear Dynamics, 2020, vol. 101, pp. 1561–1581. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-020-05862-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Семёнычев, В. К. Анализ и предложения моделей экономической динамики с кумулятивным логистическим трендом / В. К. Семёнычев, В. Н. Кожухова. – Самара: СамНЦ РАН, 2013. – 156 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Semenychev V. K. Analysis and Proposals of Models of Economic Dynamics with a Cumulative Logistic Trend. Samara, SamNTs RAN Publ., 2013. 156 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левин, Б. Я. Распределение корней целых функций / Б. Я. Левин. – М.: Физматгиз, 1956. – 632 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levin B. Ya. Distribution of Zeros of Entire Functions. Moscow, Fizmatgiz Publ., 1956. 632 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
