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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestifm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия физико-математических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physics and Mathematics Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-2430</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-2430-2022-58-2-208-220</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestifm-644</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности трансформации гауссова пучка в оптической схеме из аксикона и двуосного кристалла</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Peculiarities of the Gaussian beam transformation in the optical scheme with an axicon and a biaxial crystal</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хило</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khilo</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хило Николай Анатольевич – кандидат физико- математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>пр. Независимости, 68-2, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai A. Khilo – Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics), Chief Researcher</p><p>68-2, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.khilo@dragon.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжевич</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhevich</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рыжевич Анатолий Анатольевич – кандидат физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник; доцент кафедры квантовой радиофизики и оптоэлектроники</p><p>пр. Независимости, 68-2, 220072, Минск</p><p>пр. Независимости, 4, 220030, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatol A. Ryzhevich – Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics); Leading Researcher; Associate Professor of the Department of Quantum Radiophysics and Optoelectronics</p><p>68-2, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220072, Minsk</p><p>4, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220030, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tol@dragon.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балыкин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balykin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балыкин Игорь Валерьевич – аспирант, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>пр. Независимости, 68-2, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Balykin – Postgraduate Student, Junior Researcher</p><p>68-2, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">b97@dragon.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казак</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazak</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казак Николай Станиславович – академик Национальной академии наук Беларуси, доктор физико-математических наук, генеральный директор; главный научный сотрудник </p><p>пр. Независимости, 68-2, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai S. Kazak – Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Dr. Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), General Director; Chief Researcher</p><p>68-2, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lod@dragon.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики имени Б. И. Степанова Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики имени Б. И. Степанова Национальной академии наук Беларуси; Белорусский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus; Belarusian State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики имени Б. И. Степанова Национальной академии наук Беларуси; ГНПО «Оптика, оптоэлектроника и лазерная техника»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus; SSPA “Optics, Opto electronics and Laser Technology”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>58</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>208</fpage><lpage>220</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хило Н.А., Рыжевич А.А., Балыкин И.В., Казак Н.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хило Н.А., Рыжевич А.А., Балыкин И.В., Казак Н.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khilo N.A., Ryzhevich A.A., Balykin I.V., Kazak N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/644">https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/644</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследована трансформация светового пучка конического типа двуосным кристаллом при распространении вдоль одной из его оптических осей. Пучок формируется аксиконом из гауссова входного поля циркулярной поляризации. В зависимости от положения аксикона на кристалл падает или бесселев пучок, или смесь бесселева с коническим. Проведен расчет коэффициента преобразования из бесселева пучка нулевого порядка в пучок первого порядка, обладающий фазовой дислокацией. Показано, что если угол конуса пучка и его диаметр достаточно большие, то он преобразуется в поле, которое с высокой точностью является бессель-гауссовым пучком первого порядка. При этом коэффициент преобразования близок к единице. Исследован также случай малого угла конуса падающего бесселева пучка. Показано, что в этом случае эффективность трансформации существенно зависит от вида пространственного спектра. При малом угле конуса вид пространственного спектра определяется диаметром падающего гауссова пучка, а именно: по мере уменьшения диаметра спектр пучка изменяется от кольцевого к близкому к гауссову, проходя через промежуточную форму в виде суперпозиции этих двух профилей. Влияние пространственного спектра состоит в том, что коэффициент преобразования уменьшается с уменьшением вклада в спектр кольцевой компоненты. При этом коэффициент преобразования всегда выше, чем для схемы без аксикона, когда на кристалл падает гауссов пучок. Следовательно, введение в пучок даже небольшой конусности, что может быть реализовано, например, с помощью схемы с двумя аксиконами с близкими углами отклонения луча, позволяет повысить коэффициент трансформации поля. Полученные результаты представляют и практический интерес, в частности для разработки лазерных излучателей полей конического типа с малым углом конуса для зондирования на дальние расстояния и оптической связи в свободном пространстве.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The transformation of a conical-type light beam by a biaxial crystal during propagation along one of its optical axes is herein investigated. The beam is formed by an axicon from the circularly polarized Gaussian input field. Depending on the position of the axicon either a Bessel beam or a combination of Bessel and conical beams falls on the crystal. The conversion coefficient from a zero-order Bessel beam to a first-order beam with phase dislocation is calculated. We show that if the angle of the beam cone and its diameter are large enough, then it is transformed into a field that is a first-order BesselGaussian beam with high accuracy. At the same time the conversion coefficient is close to 1. The case of a small cone angle of an incident Bessel beam is also investigated. In this case the efficiency of transformation significantly depends on the type of the spatial spectrum. At a small cone angle, the shape of the spatial spectrum is determined by the diameter of the incident Gaussian beam. Namely, as the diameter decreases, the beam spectrum changes from annular to close to Gaussian, passing through an intermediate form in the form of a superposition of these two profiles. The influence of the spatial spectrum is the conversion coefficient decreasing with a decrease of the of the ring component contribution to the spectrum. In this case, the conversion coefficient is always higher than for a scheme without an axicon when a Gaussian beam falls on the crystal. Consequently, the introduction of even a small conicity into the beam makes it possible to increase the field transformation coefficient. It can be implemented, for example, using a scheme with two axicons having close angles of a ray deflection. The results obtained are also of practical interest, in particular, for the development of conical-type laser emitters with a small cone angle for long-range reconnaissance and optical communication in free space.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>двуосный кристалл</kwd><kwd>бесселевы пучки</kwd><kwd>аксикон</kwd><kwd>пространственные спектры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biaxial crystal</kwd><kwd>Bessel beam</kwd><kwd>axicon</kwd><kwd>spatial spectrum</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berry, M. V. Conical diffraction: observations and theory / M. V. Berry, M. R. Jeffrey, J. G. Lunney // Proc. R. Soc. 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