<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestifm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия физико-математических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physics and Mathematics Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-2430</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-2430-2022-58-2-245-254</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestifm-648</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Спонтанное, стимулированное излучение и лазерная генерация в кристаллах и тонких пленках CuInSe2</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Spontaneous, stimulated emission and laser generation in crystals and thin films of CuInSe2</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мудрый</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mudryi</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мудрый Александр Викторович – кандидат физико-математических наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории оптической спектроскопии полупроводников</p><p>ул. П. Бровки, 19, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Mudryi – Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics), Chief Researcher of the Laboratory of Optical Spectroscopy of Semiconductors</p><p>19, P. Brovka Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mudryi@physics.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Живулько</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zvivulko</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Живулько Вадим Дмитриевич – кандидат физико-математических наук, заведующий лабораторией оптической спектроскопии полупроводников</p><p>ул. П. Бровки, 19, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim D. Zvivulko – Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics), Head of the Laboratory of Optical Spectroscopy of Semiconductors</p><p>19, P. Brovka Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhivulko@physics.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородавченко</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodavchenko</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бородавченко Ольга Михайловна – научный сотрудник лаборатории оптической спектроскопии полупроводников</p><p>ул. П. Бровки, 19, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga M. Borodavchenko – Researcher of the Laboratory of Optical Spectroscopy of Semiconductors</p><p>19, P. Brovka Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borodavchenko@physics.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якушев</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakushev</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Якушев Михаил Васильевич – доктор физико-математических наук, главный научный сотрудник, лаборатория наноквантовой спинтроники</p><p>ул. С. Ковалевской, 18, 620108, Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Michael V. Yakushev – Dr. Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Chief Researcher of the Laboratory of Nanoquantum Spintronics</p><p>18, S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620108, Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">michael.yakushev@strath.ac.uk</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павловский</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlovskii</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павловский Вячеслав Николаевич – кандидат физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник Центра «Полупроводниковые технологии и лазеры»</p><p>пр. Независимости, 68-2, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viacheslav N. Pavlovskii – Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics), Leading Researcher of the Center "Semiconductor Technologies and Lasers"</p><p>68-2, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220072, Minsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.pavlovskii@ifanbel.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луценко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lutsenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Луценко Евгений Викторович – кандидат физико-математических наук, заместитель заведующего Центром «Полупроводниковые технологии и лазеры»</p><p>пр. Независимости, 68-2, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenii V. Lutsenko – Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics), Deputy Head of the Center "Semiconductor Technologies and Lasers"</p><p>68-2, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.lutsenko@ifanbel.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яблонский</surname><given-names>Г. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yablonskii</surname><given-names>G. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яблонский Геннадий Петрович – доктор физико-математических наук, заведующий Центром «Полупро водниковые технологии и лазеры»</p><p>пр. Независимости, 68-2, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennadii P. Yablonskii – Dr. Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Head of the Center "Semiconductor Tech nologies and Lasers"</p><p>68-2, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.yablonskii@ifanbel.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-практический центр Национальной академии наук Беларуси по материаловедению</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific-Practical Materials Research Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики металлов имени М. Н. Михеева Уральского отделения наук Российской академии наук</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики имени Б. И. Степанова Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>58</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>245</fpage><lpage>254</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мудрый А.В., Живулько В.Д., Бородавченко О.М., Якушев М.В., Павловский В.Н., Луценко Е.В., Яблонский Г.П., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мудрый А.В., Живулько В.Д., Бородавченко О.М., Якушев М.В., Павловский В.Н., Луценко Е.В., Яблонский Г.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mudryi A.V., Zvivulko V.D., Borodavchenko O.M., Yakushev M.V., Pavlovskii V.N., Lutsenko E.V., Yablonskii G.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/648">https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/648</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены результаты исследования спектров излучения кристаллов и тонких пленок CuInSe2 при непрерывном (2 Вт/см2) и наносекундном импульсном лазерном возбуждении в диапазоне плотности мощности возбуждения ~1–100 кВт/см2 и температурах 10–160 К. Обнаружено, что в кристаллах CuInSe2 стимулированное излучение возникает в спектральной области 1,033 эВ с минимальным уровнем пороговой накачки 9,8 кВт/см2, а при уровнях накачки 36–76 кВт/см2 наблюдается лазерное излучение. Установлено, что для тонких пленок CuInSe2, сформированных на стеклянных подложках с предварительно осажденным на стекло слоем молибдена (структура CuInSe2/Mo/стекло), характерно появление только стимулированного излучения в области энергий 1,014–1,097 эВ с минимальным уровнем пороговой накачки 30 кВт/см2 при температуре 10 К. Обсуждаются механизмы возникновения стимулированного и лазерного излучения в соединении CuInSe2.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Представлены результаты исследования спектров излучения кристаллов и тонких пленок CuInSe2 при непрерывном (2 Вт/см2) и наносекундном импульсном лазерном возбуждении в диапазоне плотности мощности возбуждения ~1–100 кВт/см2 и температурах 10–160 К. Обнаружено, что в кристаллах CuInSe2 стимулированное излучение возникает в спектральной области 1,033 эВ с минимальным уровнем пороговой накачки 9,8 кВт/см2, а при уровнях накачки 36–76 кВт/см2 наблюдается лазерное излучение. Установлено, что для тонких пленок CuInSe2, сформированных на стеклянных подложках с предварительно осажденным на стекло слоем молибдена (структура CuInSe2/Mo/стекло), характерно появление только стимулированного излучения в области энергий 1,014–1,097 эВ с минимальным уровнем пороговой накачки 30 кВт/см2 при температуре 10 К. Обсуждаются механизмы возникновения стимулированного и лазерного излучения в соединении CuInSe2.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>CuInSe2</kwd><kwd>кристаллы</kwd><kwd>тонкие пленки</kwd><kwd>фотолюминесценция</kwd><kwd>стимулированное излучение</kwd><kwd>лазерное излучение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>CuInSe2</kwd><kwd>кристаллы</kwd><kwd>тонкие пленки</kwd><kwd>фотолюминесценция</kwd><kwd>стимулированное излучение</kwd><kwd>лазерное излучение</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dielectric function of Cu(In,Ga)Se2-based polycrystalline materials / S. Minoura [et. al.] // J. Appl. Phys. – 2013. – Vol. 113, № 6. – P. 063505-1–063505-14. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4790174</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Minoura S., Kodera K., Maekawa T., Miyazaki K., Niki S., Fujiwara H. Dielectric function of Cu(In,Ga)Se2-based polycrystalline materials. Journal of Applied Physics, 2013, vol. 113, no. 6, p. 063505 (14 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.479074</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Optical properties and band gap energy of CuInSe2 thin films prepared by two-stage selenisation process / M. V. Yakushev [et. al.] // J. Phys. Chem. Solids. – 2003. – Vol. 64, № 9–10. – P. 2005–2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/S00223697(03)00089-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yakushev M. V., Mudryi A. V., Gremenok V. F., Zalesski V. B., Romanov P. I., Feofanov Y. V., Martin R. W., Tomlinson R. D. Optical properties and band gap energy of CuInSe2 thin films prepared by two-stage selenisation process. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 2003, vol. 64, no. 9–10, pp. 2005–2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3697(03)00089-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Band gap energies of bulk, thin-film, and epitaxial layers of CuInSe2 and CuGaSe2 / S. Chichibu [et. al.] // J. Appl. Phys. – 1998. – Vol. 83, № 7. – P. 3678–3689. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.366588</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chichibu S., Mizutani T., Murakami K., Shioda T., Kurafuji T., Nakanishi H., Niki S., Fons P. J., Yamada A. Band gap energies of bulk, thin-film, and epitaxial layers of CuInSe2 and CuGaSe2. Journal of Applied Physics, 1998, vol. 83, no. 7, pp. 3678–3689. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.366588</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aida, Y. Cu-rich CuInSe2 solar cells with a Cu-poor surface / Y. Aida, V. Depredurand, J. K. Larsen // Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. – 2015. – Vol. 23, № 6. – P. 754–764. https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.2493</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aida Y., Depredurand V., Larsen J. K., Arai H., Tanaka D., Kurihara M., Siebentritt S. Cu-rich CuInSe2 solar cells with a Cu-poor surface. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 2015, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 754–764. https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.2493</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Efficiency improvement of near-stoichiometric CuInSe2 solar cells for application in tandem devices / T. Feurer [et. al.] // Adv. Energy Mater. – 2019. – Vol. 9, № 35. – P. 1901428-1–1901428-6. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201901428</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feurer T., Carron R., Sevilla G. T., Fu F., Pisoni S., Romanyuk Y. E., Buecheler S., Tiwari A. N. Efficiency improvement of near-stoichiometric CuInSe2 solar cells for application in tandem devices. Advanced Energy Materials, 2019, vol. 9, no. 35, p. 1901428 (6 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201901428</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Effects of heavy alkali elements in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells with efficiencies up to 22.6 % / P. Jackson [et. al.] // Phys. Stat. Sol. PRL. – 2016. – Vol. 10, № 8. – P. 583–586. https://doi.org/10.1002/pssr.201600199</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jackson P., Wuerz R., Hariskos D., Lotter E., Witte W., Powalla M. Effects of heavy alkali elements in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells with efficiencies up to 22.6 %. Physica Status Solidi RRL, 2016, vol. 10, no. 8. pp. 583–586. https://doi.org/10.1002/pssr.201600199</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">High excitation photoluminescence effects as a probing tool for the growth of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 / M. Moret [et. al.] // Proc. SPIE. – 2015. – Vol. 9358. – P. 9358-A1–9358-A7. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2076938</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moret M., Briot G., Gil B., Lepetit T., Arzel L., Barreau N. High excitation photoluminescence effects as a probing tool for the growth of Cu(In,Ga)Se2. Proceedings of SPIE, 2015, vol. 9358, p. 9358A1 (7 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2076938</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stimulated emission and lasing in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films / I. E. Svitsiankou [et. al.] // J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. – 2016. – Vol. 49, № 9. – P. 095106-1–095106-5. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/49/9/095106</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Svitsiankou I. E., Pavlovskii V. N., Lutsenko E. V., Yablonskii G. P., Mudryi A. V., Zhivulko V. D., Yakushev M. V., Martin R. W. Stimulated emission and lasing in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2016, vol. 49, no. 9, p. 095106 (5 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/49/9/095106</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Potassium fluoride postdeposition treatment with etching step on both Cu-rich and Cu-poor CuInSe2 thin film solar cells / F. Babbe [et. al.] // Phys. Rev. Mater. – 2018. – Vol. 2, № 10. – P. 105405-1–105405-9. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.2.105405</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Babbe F., Elanzeery H., Melchiorre M., Zelenina A., Siebentritt S. Potassium fluoride postdeposition treatment with etching step on both Cu-rich and Cu-poor CuInSe2 thin film solar cells. Physical Review Materials, 2018, vol. 2, no. 10, pp. 105405 (9 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.2.105405</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tomlinson, R. D. Fabrication of CuInSe2 single crystals using melt-growth techniques / R. D. Tomlinson // Solar Cells. – 1986. – Vol. 16. – P. 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1088/0379-6787(86)90072-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tomlinson R. D. Fabrication of CuInSe2 single crystals using melt-growth techniques. Solar Cells, 1986, vol. 16, pp. 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1088/0379-6787(86)90072-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thermal expansion of CuInSe2 in the 11–1,073 K range: An X-ray diffraction study / W. Paszkowicz // Appl. Phys. A. – 2014. – Vol. 116, № 2. – P. 767–780. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-013-8146-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paszkowicz W., Minikayev R., Piszora P., Trots D., Knapp M., Wejciehowski T., Baceewicz R. Thermal expansion of CuInSe2 in the 11–1,073 K range: An X-ray diffraction study. Applied Physics A. Materials Science Processing, 2014, vol. 116, no. 2, pp. 767–780. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-013-8146-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Optical properties of high-quality CuInSe2 single crystals / A. V. Mudryi [et. al.] // Appl. Phys. Lett. – 2000. – Vol. 77, № 16. – P. 2542–2544. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1308525</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mudryi A. V., Bodnar I. V., Viktorov I. A., Gremenok V. F., Yakushev M. V., Tomlinson R. D., Hill A. E., Pilkington R. D. Optical properties of high-quality CuInSe2 single crystals. Applied Physics Letters, 2000, vol. 77, no. 16, pp. 2542– 2544. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1308525</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Magneto-photoluminescence study of radiative recombination in CuInSe2 single crystals / M. V. Yakushev [et. al.] // J. Phys. Chem. Solids. – 2003. – Vol. 64, № 9–10. – P. 2011–2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3697(03)00090-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yakushev M. V., Feofanov Y., Martin R. W., Tomlinson R. D., Mudryi A. V. Magneto-photoluminescence study of radiative recombination in CuInSe2 single crystals. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 2003, vol. 64, no. 9–10, pp. 2011–2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3697(03)00090-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Excitation power and temperature dependence of excitons in CuInSe2 / F. Luckert [et. al.] // J. Appl. Phys. – 2012. – Vol. 111, № 9. – P. 093507-1–093507-8. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4709448</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Luckert F., Yakushev M. V., Faugeras C., Karotki A. V., Mudryi A. V. Excitation power and temperature dependence of excitons in CuInSe2. Journal of Applied Physics, 2012, vol. 111, no. 9, p. 093507 (8 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4709448</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Excited states of the excitons in CuInSe2 single crystals / M. V. Yakushev [et. al.] // Appl. Phys. Lett. – 2010. – Vol. 97, № 15. – P. 152110-1–152110-3. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3502603</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yakushev M. V., Luckert F., Faugeras C., Karotki A. V., Mudryi A. V., Martin R. W. Excited states of the excitons in CuInSe2 single crystals. Applied Physics Letters, 2010, vol. 97, no. 15, p. 152110 (3 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3502603</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The hunt for the third acceptor in CuInSe2 and Cu(In,Ga)Se2 absorber layers / F. Babbe et. al. // J. Phys. Condens. Matter. – 2019. – Vol. 31, № 42. – P. 425702-1–425702-9. https://doi.org./10.1088/1361-648X/ab2e24</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Babbe F., Elanzeery H., Wolter M. H., Santhosh K., Siebentritt S. The hunt for the third acceptor in CuInSe2 and Cu(In,Ga)Se2 absorber layers. Journal of Physics: Condensed Materials, 2019, vol. 31, no. 42, pp. 425702-1–425702-9. https:// doi.org./10.1088/1361-648X/ab2e24</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Photoluminescence, stimulated and laser emission in CuInSe2 crystals / I. E. Svitsiankou [et. al.] // Appl. Phys. Lett. – 2021. – Vol. 119, № 21. – P. 212103-1–212103-5. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0060076</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Svitsiankou I. E., Pavlovskii V. N., Lutsenko E. V., Yablonskii G. P., Mudryi A. V., Borodavchenko O. M., Zhivulko V. D., Martin R. W., Yakushev M. V. Photoluminescence, stimulated and laser emission in CuInSe2 crystals. Applied Physics Letters, 2021, vol. 119, no. 21, p. 212103 (3 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0060076</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kawashima, T. Optical constants of CuGaSe2 and CuInSe2 / T. Kawashima, S. Adachi. // J. Appl. Phys. – 1998. – Vol. 84, № 9. – P. 5202–5209. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.368772</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kawashima T., Adachi S. Optical constants of CuGaSe2 and CuInSe2. Journal of Applied Physics, 1998, vol. 84, no. 9,  pp. 5202–5209. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.368772</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
