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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestifm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия физико-математических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physics and Mathematics Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-2430</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-2430-2024-60-1-72-88</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestifm-764</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Формирование многолучевых динамических градиентных интерференционных световых полей с использованием рефрактивных оптических элементов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Formation of multibeam dynamic gradient interference light fields with refractive optical elements</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5463-0054</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжевич</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhevich</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рыжевич Анатолий Анатольевич – кандидат физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник Института физики имени Б. И. Степанова Национальной академии наук Беларуси; доцент кафедры квантовой радиофизики и оптоэлектроники БГУ </p><p>пр. Независимости, 68-2, 220072, Минск,</p><p>пр. Независимости, 4, 220030 Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatol A. Ryzhevich – Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics), Leading Researcher B. I. Stepanov Institute of Phy- sics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus; Associate Professor of the Department of Quantum Radiophysics and Optoelectronics, Belarusian State University </p><p>68-2, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220072, Minsk,</p><p>4, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220030, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tol@dragon.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6763-1136</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балыкин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balykin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балыкин Игорь Валерьевич – научный сотрудник</p><p>пр. Независимости, 68-2, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Balykin – Researcher</p><p>68-2, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">b97@dragon.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0197-494X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Железнякова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zheleznyakova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Железнякова Татьяна Александровна – кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры физики и космических аэротических технологий </p><p>пр. Независимости, 4, 220030, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Zheleznyakova – Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics), Associate Professor at the Department of Physics and Aerospace Technologies</p><p>4, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220030, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.zhe@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3346-5352</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казак</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazak</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казак Николай Станиславович – академик Национальной академии наук Беларуси, доктор физико-математических наук, научный консультант </p><p>пр. Независимости, 68-1, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai S. Kazak – Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Dr. Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Scientific Consultant </p><p>68-1, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lod@dragon.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики имени Б. И. Степанова Национальной академии наук Беларуси;&#13;
Белорусский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus;&#13;
Belarusian State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики имени Б. И. Степанова Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНПО «Оптика, оптоэлектроника и лазерная техника»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SSPA “Optics, Optoelectronics and Laser Technology”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рыжевич А.А., Балыкин И.В., Железнякова Т.А., Казак Н.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рыжевич А.А., Балыкин И.В., Железнякова Т.А., Казак Н.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ryzhevich A.A., Balykin I.V., Zheleznyakova T.A., Kazak N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/764">https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/764</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены методы формирования и свойств управляемых изменений во времени и пространстве световых полей, передаваемых в результате интерференции трех или четырех когерентных световых пучков с помощью рефракционных оптических элементов. Формирование 3и 4-лучевого интерференционного поля с использованием соответствующих 3и 4-гранной стеклянной пирамиды. Возможность смещения интерференционного поля в горизонтальной плоскости наличием устройства для управляемого изменения фазы по меньшей мере двух из интерферирующих пучков, направление распространения которых не оставляет в одной плоскости с оптическим осью исходного пучка, падающего по пирамиде. В 3-х и 4-лучевых импульсных интерференционных полях пиковые значения частоты выше, чем в исходных лазерных пучках и 2-лучевых интерференционных полях, поэтому их применяют для обработки лазерными волнами плоских объектов, перемещая интерференционные максимумы на поверхности объекта. При попарном азимутальном смещении распространение четырех интерферирующих пучков вокруг длинной оси образует динамическое интерференционное поле, периодические структурированные максимумы, которые циклически плавно изменяют свою форму с клетками на полосах и наоборот, при различных приставках скоростей пар интерференционная структура максов вращается вокруг продольной оси. Благодаря этому данное поле может применяться для терапевтического воздействия на биологические ткани и для обработки микрочастиц в суспензиях и эмульсиях. Поскольку локальные максимальные протяженности всех указанных интерференционных полей имеют размеры порядка нескольких микрометров, превышающие при этом вероятность исходного светового пучка, данные поля в поперечном сечении являются градиентными и могут применяться не только для лазерного воздействия, но и для перемещения ансамблей микрочастиц, в том числе количество для сортировки и изменения глав.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper presents methods for the formation and properties of light fields that controllably vary in time and space, obtained as a result of the interference of three or four coherent light beams using refractive optical elements. The formation of three-beam and four-beam interference fields is carried out using trihedral and tetrahedral glass pyramids respectively. The possibility of the interference field displacement in the transverse plane is ensured by devices for controlled phase changes of at least two of the interfering beams. The directions of propagation of these beams do not lie in the same plane with the optical axis of the original beam incident on the pyramid. In threeand four-beam dynamic interference fields the peak intensity values are higher than in the original laser beams and two-beam interference fields, so it is advisable to use them for processing flat objects with laser radiation, moving the interference maxima along the surface of the object. With a pairwise azimuthal displacement of the propagation directions of four interfering beams around the longitudinal axis, a dynamic interference field is formed, the periodically structured maxima of which cyclically smoothly change their shape from cells to band and back. At different speeds of pairs of directions the interference structure of the maxima rotates around the longitudinal axis. Therefore, this field can be used for therapeutic effects on biological tissues and for mixing microparticles in suspensions and emulsions. Since the local maxima of the intensity of all these interference fields have dimensions of the order of several micrometers while exceeding in value the maximum intensity of the initial light beam, these fields in the cross section are gradient and therefore can be used not only for laser exposure, but also for moving ensembles of microparticles including for sorting and changing concentration.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>световое поле</kwd><kwd>интерференция</kwd><kwd>распределение интенсивности</kwd><kwd>градиент интенсивности</kwd><kwd>динамическое интерференционное световое поле</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>light beam</kwd><kwd>interference</kwd><kwd>intensity distribution</kwd><kwd>intensity gradient</kwd><kwd>dynamical interference light field</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ashkin, A. 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