<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestifm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия физико-математических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physics and Mathematics Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-2430</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-2430-2024-60-4-271-279</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestifm-807</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К вопросам Шеметкова и Аграваля об обобщениях гиперцентра конечных групп</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>To the questions of Shemetkov and Agrawal about the generalizations of the hypercenter of finite groups</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0769-2519</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурашко</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murashka</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мурашко Вячеслав Игоревич – кандидат физико- математических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры алгеб ры и геометрии, ведущий научный сотрудник НИС</p><p>ул. Советская, 104, 246028, Гом ел</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viachaslau I. Murashka – Ph. D. (Physics and Ma thematics), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Algebra and Geometry, Leading Researcher of Research Sector</p><p>104, Sovetskaya Str., 246028, Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mvimath@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гомельский государственный университет имени Франциска Скорины</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Francisk Skorina Gomel State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>271</fpage><lpage>279</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мурашко В.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мурашко В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Murashka V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/807">https://vestifm.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/807</self-uri><abstract><p>Формация F называется формацией Бэра – Шеметкова в классе групп X, если в любой конечной X-группе пересечение F-максимальных подгрупп совпадает с F-гиперцентром. Доказано, что для непустой наследственной насыщенной формации F существует наибольшая по включению наследственная насыщенная формация BSF, в которой F является формацией Бэра – Шеметкова. Установлена связь данного результата с решениями вопросов Аграваля (1976) и Шеметкова (1995). Для класса U всех сверхразрешимых групп описан класс BSU и приведен алгоритм распознавания принадлежности группы данному классу.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A formation F is called a Baer – Shemetkov formation in a class X of groups if in any finite X-group the intersection of all F-maximal subgroups coincides with the F-hypercenter. It is proved that for a non-empty hereditary saturated formation F there exists the greatest by inclusion hereditary saturated formation BSF such that F is a Baer – Shemetkov formation in BSF. The connection of this result with the solution of Agrawal’s (1976) and Shemetkov’s (1995) questions is discussed. For the class U of all supersolvable groups the class BSU is described and the algorithm for its recognition is presented.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>конечная группа</kwd><kwd>сверхразрешимая группа</kwd><kwd>F-гиперцентр</kwd><kwd>обобщенный гиперцентр</kwd><kwd>наследственная насыщенная формация</kwd><kwd>формация Бэра – Шеметкова</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>finite group</kwd><kwd>supersolvable group</kwd><kwd>F-hypercenter</kwd><kwd>generalized hypercenter</kwd><kwd>hereditary saturated formation</kwd><kwd>Baer – Shemetkov formation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Белорусского республиканского фонда фундаментальных исследований (проект № Ф23PHФM-63).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was financially supported by the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research (project no. Ф23PHФM-63).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baer R. Supersolvable Immersion. Canadian Journal of Mathematics, 1959, vol. 11, pp. 353–369. https://doi.org/10.4153/cjm-1959-036-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baer R. Supersolvable Immersion. Canadian Journal of Mathematics, 1959, vol. 11, pp. 353–369. https://doi.org/10.4153/cjm-1959-036-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huppert B. Zur Theorie der Formationen. Archiv der Mathematik, 1969, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 561–574. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01899382</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huppert B. Zur Theorie der Formationen. Archiv der Mathematik, 1969, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 561–574. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01899382</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Šemetkov L. A. Graduated formations of groups. Mathematics of the USSR-Sbornik, 1974, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 593–611. https://doi.org/10.1070/sm1974v023n04abeh002184</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Šemetkov L. A. Graduated formations of groups. Mathematics of the USSR-Sbornik, 1974, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 593–611. https://doi.org/10.1070/sm1974v023n04abeh002184</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shemetkov L. A., Skiba A. N. Formations of Algebraic Systems. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1989. 256 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shemetkov L. A., Skiba A. N. Formations of Algebraic Systems. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1989. 256 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hall P. On the System Normalizers of a Solvable Group. Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, 1938, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 507–528. https://doi.org/10.1112/plms/s2-43.6.507</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hall P. On the System Normalizers of a Solvable Group. Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, 1938, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 507–528. https://doi.org/10.1112/plms/s2-43.6.507</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baer R. Group elements of prime power index. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 1953, vol. 75, pp. 20–47. https://doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9947-1953-0055340-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baer R. Group elements of prime power index. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 1953, vol. 75, pp. 20–47. https://doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9947-1953-0055340-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Skiba A. N. On the F-hypercentre and the intersection of all F-maximal subgroups of a finite group. Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra, 2012, vol. 216, no. 4, pp. 789–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpaa.2011.10.006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skiba A. N. On the F-hypercentre and the intersection of all F-maximal subgroups of a finite group. Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra, 2012, vol. 216, no. 4, pp. 789–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpaa.2011.10.006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Murashka V. I. On the F-hypercenter and the intersection of F-maximal subgroups of a finite group. Journal of Group Theory, 2018, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 463–473. https://doi.org/10.1515/jgth-2017-0043</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Murashka V. I. On the F-hypercenter and the intersection of F-maximal subgroups of a finite group. Journal of Group Theory, 2018, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 463–473. https://doi.org/10.1515/jgth-2017-0043</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Murashka V. I. On Shemetkov’s Question about the F-Hypercenter. Mathematical Notes, 2024, vol. 115, no. 5, pp. 779–788. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001434624050134</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Murashka V. I. On Shemetkov’s Question about the F-Hypercenter. Mathematical Notes, 2024, vol. 115, no. 5, pp. 779–788. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001434624050134</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beidleman J. C., Heineken H. A note of intersection of maximal F-subgroups. Journal of Algebra, 2010, vol. 333, no. 1, pp. 120–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalgebra.2010.10.017</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beidleman J. C., Heineken H. A note of intersection of maximal F-subgroups. Journal of Algebra, 2010, vol. 333, no. 1, pp. 120–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalgebra.2010.10.017</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mazurov V., Khukhro E. I. (eds.). Unsolved Problems in Group Theory. The Kourovka Notebook, no. 20. Novosibirsk, 2022. Available at: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1401.0300 (accessed at 16 August 2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mazurov V., Khukhro E. I. (eds.). Unsolved Problems in Group Theory. The Kourovka Notebook, no. 20. Novosibirsk, 2022. Available at: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1401.0300 (accessed at 16 August 2024).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vasil’ev A. F., Murashka V. I. Arithmetic graphs and classes of finite groups. Siberian Mathematical Journal, 2019, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 41–55. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0037446619010051</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasil’ev A. F., Murashka V. I. Arithmetic graphs and classes of finite groups. Siberian Mathematical Journal, 2019, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 41–55. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0037446619010051</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agrawal R. K. Generalized Center and Hypercenter of a Finite Group. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, 1976, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 13–21. https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9939-1976-0409651-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agrawal R. K. Generalized Center and Hypercenter of a Finite Group. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, 1976, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 13–21. https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9939-1976-0409651-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weinstein M. (ed.). Between Nilpotent and Solvable. Passaic, NJ, Polygonal Publishing House, 1982. 231 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weinstein M. (ed.). Between Nilpotent and Solvable. Passaic, NJ, Polygonal Publishing House, 1982. 231 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Monakhov V. S. Finite groups with a given set of Schmidt subgroups. Mathematical Notes, 1995, vol. 58, no. 5, pp. 1183–1186. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02305002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Monakhov V. S. Finite groups with a given set of Schmidt subgroups. Mathematical Notes, 1995, vol. 58, no. 5, pp. 1183–1186. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02305002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vasil’ev A. F., Vasil’eva T. I., Tyutyanov V. N., On the finite groups of supersolvable type. Siberian Mathematical Journal, 2010, vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 1004–1012. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11202-010-0099-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasil’ev A. F., Vasil’eva T. I., Tyutyanov V. N., On the finite groups of supersolvable type. Siberian Mathematical Journal, 2010, vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 1004–1012. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11202-010-0099-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Monakhov V. S., Kniahina V. N. Finite groups with ℙ-subnormal subgroups. Ricerche di Matematica, 2013, vol. 62, pp. 307–322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11587-013-0153-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Monakhov V. S., Kniahina V. N. Finite groups with ℙ-subnormal subgroups. Ricerche di Matematica, 2013, vol. 62, pp. 307–322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11587-013-0153-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seress Á. Permutation Group Algorithms. Cambridge University Press, 2003. 264 p. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511546549</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seress Á. Permutation Group Algorithms. Cambridge University Press, 2003. 264 p. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511546549</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Höfling B. Computing projectors, injectors, residuals and radicals of finite solvable groups. Journal of Symbolic Computation, 2001, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 499–511. https://doi.org/10.1006/jsco.2001.0477</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Höfling B. Computing projectors, injectors, residuals and radicals of finite solvable groups. Journal of Symbolic Computation, 2001, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 499–511. https://doi.org/10.1006/jsco.2001.0477</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eick B., Wright C. R. Computing subgroups by exhibition in finite solvable groups. Journal of Symbolic Computation, 2002, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 129–143. https://doi.org/10.1006/jsco.2000.0503</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eick B., Wright C. R. Computing subgroups by exhibition in finite solvable groups. Journal of Symbolic Computation, 2002, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 129–143. https://doi.org/10.1006/jsco.2000.0503</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Murashka V. I. Formations of finite groups in polynomial time: F-residuals and F-subnormality. Journal of Symbolic Computation, 2024, vol. 122, art. ID 102271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102271</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Murashka V. I. Formations of finite groups in polynomial time: F-residuals and F-subnormality. Journal of Symbolic Computation, 2024, vol. 122, art. ID 102271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102271</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">GAP – Groups, Algorithms, Programming – a System for Computational Discrete Algebra. GAP. Available at: https:// www.gap-system.org (accessed at 16 August 2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GAP – Groups, Algorithms, Programming – a System for Computational Discrete Algebra. GAP. Available at: https:// www.gap-system.org (accessed at 16 August 2024).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Doerk K., Hawkes T. O. Finite Solvable Groups. De Gruyter Expositions in Mathematics, vol. 4. Berlin, New York, De Gruyter, 1992. 891 p. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110870138</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Doerk K., Hawkes T. O. Finite Solvable Groups. De Gruyter Expositions in Mathematics, vol. 4. Berlin, New York, De Gruyter, 1992. 891 p. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110870138</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eick B., Wright C. R. GAP package. FORMAT 1.4.4 Computing with formations of finite solvable groups. GAP. 2024. Available at: https://www.gap-system.org/Packages/format.html (accessed at 16 August 2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eick B., Wright C. R. GAP package. FORMAT 1.4.4 Computing with formations of finite solvable groups. GAP. 2024. Available at: https://www.gap-system.org/Packages/format.html (accessed at 16 August 2024).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guo W. Structure Theory for Canonical Classes of Finite Groups. Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag, 2015. 359 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45747-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guo W. Structure Theory for Canonical Classes of Finite Groups. Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag, 2015. 359 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45747-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kantor W. M. Sylow’s theorem in polynomial time. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 1985, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 359–394. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0000(85)90052-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kantor W. M. Sylow’s theorem in polynomial time. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 1985, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 359–394. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0000(85)90052-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Babai L. On the length of subgroup chains in the symmetric group. Communications in Algebra, 1986, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 1729–1736. https://doi.org/10.1080/00927878608823393</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Babai L. On the length of subgroup chains in the symmetric group. Communications in Algebra, 1986, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 1729–1736. https://doi.org/10.1080/00927878608823393</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
